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Any of those risks specified in the contract for which the Principal, not the Contractor, will bear the risk (for example, a common excepted risk is a delay caused by war or invasion).

The set criteria by which tenders are to be evaluated. Evaluation criteria are usually given different weightings to assist with the evaluation process.

This is a body of law that evolved historically to remedy perceived unfairness in other forms of law, namely the common law and statutory law. Therefore, where an aggrieved person is unable to find relief under statute or the common law, equity may be able to provide relief. Examples of equitable remedies are injunctions, specific performance and claims for unjust enrichment.

One of the common law requirements for a deed to be binding and effective is 'delivery'. Delivery may be absolute or conditional on some other event (such as execution by another party or parties), in which case the deed is said to be 'in escrow' until the condition is fulfilled. The term is also used in connection with the placing by one contracting party of documents or other things (such as confidential information or software) in the custody of an independent third party (the 'escrow agent'), to be released to the other contracting party on the occurrence of some specified event (such as contract default). The materials held by the escrow agent are said to be 'in escrow'.

A legal mechanism to protect a person who relies to their detriment upon an assumption or expectation created by another person. It must be unconscionable for the other person not to be held accountable for that detriment. An example is estoppel by representation where a person relies upon the representation of another to their detriment and, the detriment is caused by reliance on the representation, the person who made the representation is estopped from denying that they made that representation.

A web-based tender management system mainly used by government and other organisations to deliver a standard single entry point to advertise business opportunities within the organisation.

The EU Procurement Rules implement the EC procurement directives, aiming to ensure the free movement of goods and services within the European Union and to ensure public sector purchasing decisions are based on value for money achieved through competition. The principles are applied through the advertising of contracts above a specified threshold across the European Union. All tenders are treated equally to avoid discrimination on the grounds of nationality or the origins of goods and services.

The absence of one of the parties to a dispute. A common ex parte application is for a court to grant an injunction where one party cannot appear in court because it would undermine the proceedings.

A clause in a contract which removes, restricts or modifies a legal obligation owed by one party to the other. The enforceability of an exclusion clause is generally subject to a requirement that it is reasonable.

The right to own, perform or control to the exclusion of all others.